The last few years have seen a growing arms race among the leading nuclear-armed countries. In parallel, there is the collapse of the remaining arms control treaties that have placed limitations on the kinds and numbers of nuclear weapons that could be deployed by Russia and the United States, which together possess over 90% of the world’s nuclear arms. This talk will address the resurgence of tensions and arms racing among the nuclear powers, and will offer some thoughts concerning the kinds of movements and civil society responses needed to avoid catastrophic wars, and to create a world in which the elimination of nuclear arsenals might be possible.